Family and peer ethnic‐racial socialization in adolescents' everyday life: A daily transactional model with ethnic‐racial identity and discrimination.

There is limited research on ethnic‐racial socialization outside the family context (e.g., in peer groups). Using two‐week, daily data from 177 U.S. ethnic‐racial minority 9th graders in 2017–2020 (Mage = 14.48 years old; 51% females; 52% Black, 20% Latinx, 10% Asian American, 6% Native American, and 12% Other), this study tested a transactional model of family and peer ethnic‐racial socialization, identity, and discrimination. Bidirectional associations were observed between family and peer cultural socialization across days (βs =.09–.10). Peer but not family cultural socialization promoted adolescents' ethnic‐racial identity on the next day (βs =.07–.10). Ethnic‐racial discrimination predicted greater next‐day family ethnic‐racial socialization (cultural socialization, preparation for bias; βs =.08–.11), whereas family and peer ethnic‐racial socialization predicted next‐day discrimination (βs =.11–.18). The differential roles of family and peer ethnic‐racial socialization are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]