You can't see me: Background matching is independent of body temperature in the Western diamond‐backed rattlesnake.

Coloration is crucial for ambush mesopredators' survival as they depend on it for camouflage to hunt and avoid predation. Furthermore, coloration is especially important in ectotherms as it is linked to two essential functions for survival: thermoregulation and crypsis. In a context of trade‐offs between thermoregulation and crypsis, the comprehension of how ectotherms employ color to address conflicting demands of thermoregulation and crypsis is limited. This study investigated background matching and thermoregulation in western diamond‐backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox). Rattlesnakes were predicted to better match selected microhabitats in terms of color, luminance, and pattern than random microhabitats within their home range, and body temperature was predicted to influence their body coloration with higher temperatures favoring lighter colors. Pictures of 14 radiotracked western diamond‐backed rattlesnakes were taken in situ with a full spectrum camera (UV/VIS) and body temperature was recovered from internal temperature‐datalogging radiotransmitters. Crotalus atrox matched the color, luminance, and pattern of the background better than a randomly selected background, thus enhancing background matching. Additionally, rattlesnake coloration varied independently of temperature indicating that rattlesnakes are behaviorally modifying crypsis regardless of thermoregulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]